2025 as the Year of the Kurdish Question

The significance of the Kurdish question

With good reason, 2025 in Turkey can be described as the year of the “Kurdish question.” The year now drawing to a close emerges as a pivotal moment for the Kurdish question in Turkey, as it has condensed the experiences of a long historical process of confrontation, negotiation, and incomplete transformations between the Turkish state and the Kurdish movement. Developments in this period cannot be understood in isolation from the strategic choices of the Erdoğan governing coalition, which seeks to redefine the terms of control, incorporation of the Kurds, and national security. Nor can the developments of 2025 be understood apart from the internal reconfigurations of the Kurdish movement itself – both political and armed – which is compelled to operate in an environment of heightened repression, institutional constraints, and almost world-shaking regional realignments.

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